Chapter Fourteen: The Origin of Species

1. What are the two main types of reproductive barriers?

  A: Prezygotic and postzygotic.

2. Who wrote the Origin of Species?

  A: Charles Darwin.

3. What is taxonomy?

  A: Taxonomy is the branch of biology that names and classifies species and groups them into broader categories.


Five Main Facts From The Reading:

1.The origin of species is the source of biological diversity.
2.There are several ways to define a species.
3.Reproductive barriers keep species separate.
4.In allopatric speciation, geographic isolation leads to speciation.
5.Most plant species trace their origin to polyploid speciation.

 

The taxonomy for the common leopard (Panthera Pardus.)

 The Origin of Species Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vfmOaAz371M


Ten Key Terms:

1.Species - a group of organisms whose members can breed and produce fertile offspring, but who do not produce fertile offspring with members of other groups.
2.Speciation - the emergence of new species.
3.Taxonomy - the branch of biology that names and classifies species and groups them into broader categories.
4.Biological species concept - defines a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.
5.Reproductive isolation - prevents genetic exchange and maintains the hap between species.
6.Reproductive barrier - a biological feature of the organism itself to prevent individuals of closely related species from interbreeding when their ranges overlap.
7.Prezygotic barriers - prevent mating or fertilization between species.
8.Postzygotic barriers - operate after hybrid zygotes are formed.
9.Adaptive radiation - the evolution of many diverse species from a common ancestor
10.Hybrid zones - regions in which members of different species meet and mate, producing at least some hybrid offspring.

Summary:
   This chapter talked about different species and how they gained certain unique traits, as well as traits they share in common. It talks about how certain events can have positive or negative affects on a species, as well as what defines a species. It mentions certain things like the Bottleneck Affect... where a large population is drastically reduced, limiting the gene pool and making it much more distinct from other populations of the same species.